pajautā! -

cik no Urtāna lekcijām atceros - nosauca pēc jūras un jūras nosaukuma izcelsmei ir 3 galvenās teorijas, vismaz tajā laikā, kad es mācījos, bija -

1. Plīnijs citē 2. gs. m. ē. ģeogrāfu, kurš esot minējis milzīgu salu - Balcia, vēl viņš piemin kādu Ateju, kurš 330. g. p. m. ē. esot ceļojis ar kuģi uz Z un atradis salu - Basilia. Kā arī Plīnijs atsaucas uz kādu Timeju, kurš lieto nosaukumu Abalus - zeme tālu Z, kur esot dzintars.
+ 250. g. m. ē. Solīns min salu Ziemeļos - Abalcia, Abaltia.

2. pirmskara valodnieka Bleses teorija - balt- saknei saistībā ar purvu un ūdeņiem lietuviešu un prūšu valodās. Sakne - bal- daudzās valodās apzīmē ar ūdeņiem saistītas lietas. Ar vārdu balt sākumā saprata noslēgtu, staignu jūru (tāda bija Palangas tuvumā un zemāk)

3. Brēmenes Ādama darbā Baltijas jūra apzīmēta ar trim dažādiem nosaukumiem - Mare Barbarum, Skitu jūra un Mare Balticum. Viņš saka, ka vietējie to saucot par Sinus Balticum - jo tas, kā josta stiepjoties līdz Grieķijai (sakne balt kas apzīmē jostu - belt). Skandināvu lit. sastopams apzīmējums Beltu šaurums.


vācu sarunvalodā Baltisch ieviešas 17. gs. un to pamazām pārņem citas tautas. Ap 19. gs. to sāk lietot arī politiskā nozīmē (baltvācieši).

baltu valodas - kā lingvistisks apzīmējums parādījās 1865. gadā, pēc valodnieka Neselmaņa ierosinājuma, viņa darbā par prūšu valodu.

No Wiki:

Etymology

German medieval chronicler Adam of Bremen in the latter part of the 11th century CE was the first writer to use the term Baltic in its modern sense to mean the sea of that name.[2] Although he must have been familiar with the ancient name, Balcia,[3] meaning a supposed island in the Baltic Sea,[2] and although he may have been aware of the Baltic words containing the stem balt-, "white",[4] as "swamp", he reports that he followed the local use of balticus from baelt ("belt") because the sea stretches to the east "in modum baltei" ("in the manner of a belt"). This is the first reference to "the Baltic or Barbarian Sea, a day's journey from Hamburg."[5]

The Germanics, however, preferred some form of "East Sea" (in different languages) until after about 1600, when they began to use forms of "Baltic Sea." Around 1840 the German nobles of the Governorate of Livonia devised the term "Balts" to mean themselves, the German upper classes of Livonia, excluding the Latvian and Estonian lower classes. They spoke an exclusive dialect, Baltic German. For all practical purposes that was the Baltic language until 1919.[6][7] Scandinavians begin settling in Western Baltic lands in Lithuania and Latvia during Vendel Age and with interruptions their presence in Baltic lands continued most of Viking Age.

In 1845 Georg Heinrich Ferdinand Nesselmann proposed a distinct language group for Latvian and Lithuanian to be called Baltic.[8] It found some credence among linguists but was not generally adopted until the creation of the Baltic states as part of the settlement of World War I in 1919. Gradually the non-Baltic Estonian was excluded from the linguistic meaning of Baltic, as was Livonian, a now extinct[9] Finnic language in present-day Latvia, while Old Prussian — long recognized as close to Lithuanian and Latvian — was added. Estonia and Finland (the states of Baltic Finns), however, also became counted among the Baltic states in the geopolitical sense. (Finland was dropped from this definition after World War II, though Estonia remains within the definition.)


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balts