"Wokeness" is primarily about self worship and putting the satisfaction of individual desires above all else (hence its obsession with sex, abortion, and the vacuous slogan "nobody can tell me what to do with my body!"). It's also about the abrogation of personal responsibility (criminals are not wicked, they commit crimes because they're poor, because of "inequality", or because of bad childhood experiences; they're not truly responsible and so should not be punished but "rehabilitated" and treated as if they were ill). It's a rejection of concepts such as duty, restraint, self-denial, and (as the professor noted) delayed gratification. These ideas have obviously existed for as long as civilisation has existed, and "wokeness" is simply the latest expression of them. It's also perhaps the most potent, as it is triumphant in formerly Christian societies which hitherto limited these ideas through law, and common culture and tradition, which worked hard to promote opposing ideas.
It's not difficult to see why and how the ideas of "wokeness" are appealing to people of all intelligences, all social classes and standings, regardless of their personal ambition. In fact I should think they appeal most of all to those who are already strong and powerful (and able, most of the time, to escape the negative consequences of their beliefs and policies), which is why this has quickly become the new elite religion.