| tirgus izpēte |
[Dec. 21st, 2019|03:42 pm] |
The Southeast Asian countries also witness high proportions of illegal timber in the total amounts of harvested timber, possibly reaching 90% in Cambodia, 60–80% in Indonesia, 50% in Myanmar, 45% in Laos, 35% in Malaysia and 20–40% in Vietnam (DFID 2007; Interpol and World Bank 2009). Lawson and MacFaul (2010), however, suggest slightly lower figures of illegal timber namely 40–61% in Indonesia and 14–25% in Malaysia. In 2010, about 40% of wood-based products from Southeast Asia coming to the EU were believed to originate from illegal timber, while a half of timber volumes imported to China from this region may be illicit (UNODC 2010). A recent report on major transnational organised crimes in Southeast Asia by UNODC (2013) estimates that the value of trafficking in wood-based products in the region is worth £17 billion annually, making it even more lucrative than trafficking in heroin (£16.3 billion) and in methamphetamine (£15 billion). It is fair to say that timber trafficking has reached alarming levels in the region (UNODC 2013).
[no Timber Trafficking in Vietnam: Crime, Security and the Environment by Ngoc Anh Cao, 2017] |
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