| temperaments |
15. Jun 2012|18:14 |
elementāri, vai ne.
Parents often do not become believers in temperament until after the birth of their second child. Before this time, their child's behavior may be seen as a simple and direct outcome of their upbringing, "a tribute to" or "the fault of" the parents. With the second child, management strategies that worked well with the first child may not be effective. Problems experienced with the first child (in feeding, sleeping, coping with strangers) may not exist with the second, but new problems may arise. Such experiences suggest strongly that "nature" as well as "nurture" influences child development, that children differ from each other from very early in life, and that these differences have important implications for parent-child interaction. A number of these individual differences fall under the rubric of child temperament, the subject of this chapter. Here, we define temperament as individual differences in reactivity to internal and external stimulation, and in patterns of motor and attentional self-regulation.
http://www.bowdoin.edu/~sputnam/rothbart-temperament-questionnaires/cv/publications/pdf/1995_Child%20Temp%20and%20parenting_Sanson-Rothbart.pdf
turpmāk vēl. |
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