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22. Okt 2026|00:28 |
Key Milestones in Synthetic Bacteria
• JCVI-syn1.0 (2010): The J. Craig Venter Institute built the first self-replicating cell controlled by a completely computer-designed, lab-synthesized genome placed into a stripped-down host bacterium.
• JCVI-syn3.0 (2016): Researchers trimmed the synthetic genome down to 473 essential genes to find the bare minimum components required for life.
• Synthetic E. coli (2019–2025): Scientists redesigned E. coli genomes from the ground up, reducing the number of genetic codons used to build proteins and creating strains like Syn57 that rely on a heavily compressed genetic code.
• Cyborg Bacteria (Recent): Researchers have embedded hydrogels into live E. coli to give them artificial abilities, such as resisting toxic environments or targeting tumor cells, though they cannot divide on their own. |
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