No raksta par to kā ideoloģijas spraucas zinātnē:
...over millions of years, natural selection caused some behaviors of males and females to diverge. How do we know this? By using multiple criteria, including evaluating the general likelihood of an adaptive explanation; looking for behavioral parallels in other species (especially our closest primate relatives); determining whether a sex difference in behavior is ubiquitous among different human cultures, including hunter-gatherers; testing whether the behavior is influenced by reproductive hormones such as testosterone; and seeing if the behavior appears at the expected time of development. Risk-taking and male-male aggression, for example, are strongest during the peak reproductive years of young adulthood—just as we expect if these are behaviors that evolved to help men secure mates.
But to many, even suggesting a biological basis for sex differences in behavior is taboo, perceived as a kind of misogyny. A recent example is Chelsea Conaboy’s declaration in The New York Times that “Maternal instinct is a myth that men created.” Here she argues that well-known differences between men and women in attentiveness and behavior toward their children is due entirely to socialization. The obvious retort from biology is that while some human societies do force the burden of maternal care onto women, the greater attentiveness of mothers than fathers to their children—attentiveness triggered by cues such as hormones, lactation, infant crying, and the sight of babies—is seen not only in every human society but, more important, also in thousands of other animal species, including our closest primate relatives. Tellingly, these other species lack the social pressures that, to blank slaters, explain sex differences. It would be an odd coincidence indeed if misogyny and the patriarchy just happen to create a situation in humans identical to that seen in our evolutionary cousins—as well as in our more distant relatives.
The false idea that human males and females are born biologically identical in behavior and psychology is a form of what we call “biological egalitarianism.” This is the view that all groups must be essentially the same in important aspects of their biology because if they weren’t, one might be tempted to slide from nonidentity into “inequality” and from there into bigotry, misogyny, and other discriminatory behaviors. But as we’ll see, there’s no logical connection between what we see in nature and how we should regard the dignity, rights, and liberties of different individuals or groups. The first is a matter of reality, the second a matter of ethics—how we rationally construct morality.
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Indeed, evolutionary psychology explains, to our best knowledge, several human behaviors. These include why we favor kin over non-kin—and closer kin over more distant kin—why we mistreat stepchildren more frequently than biological children, why males are more aggressive than females, the difference in promiscuity and sexual proclivity between men and women, why men show more sexual jealousy than women, why certain facial expressions convey emotions, why we have fears of snakes and spiders and show disgust at bodily fluids, and why we hunger for sugars and fats. Indeed, some of our behaviors, like the propensity to eat things that are no longer healthy, constitute features useful in our ancestors but now useless or even harmful.
By walling off a huge area of research and teaching that involves human nature, the ideological vilification of evolutionary psychology prevents us from understanding our own species. As two evolutionary psychologists noted, “Not a single degree-granting institution in the United States, to our knowledge, requires even a single course in evolutionary biology as part of a degree in psychology—an astonishing educational gap that disconnects psychology from the rest of the life sciences.” Without such knowledge, we’re left with “social constructs” and “societal expectations” as the sole source of our behaviors, explanations that utterly fail to explain the observed data. It goes without saying that when dealing with any human problems involving behavior, it’s best to have the fullest possible explanations, both social and biological.
https://skepticalinquirer.org/2023/06/the-ideological-subversion-of-biology/